The meal begins outside

The sea star grips the two halves of the mussel’s shell, called valves, with its tube feet. If they part just a little, the sea star can extend its stomach through its mouth and begin digesting the soft tissue inside.

A sea star and a mussel on rocky ground.
The tube feet grip the valves. A tiny gap can give access to the tissue. © dive.explo360.fr — All rights reserved. Reproduction requires permission.
A sea squirt attached to a rock, with two openings.
Water enters through one siphon and leaves through the other. © dive.explo360.fr — All rights reserved. Reproduction requires permission.

Two openings, one current

Water enters through a tube called the incurrent siphon. It passes through the branchial basket, a perforated part of the sea squirt’s throat, and leaves through the excurrent siphon. Tiny beating hairs called cilia help keep the water moving.

Where is the food?

1

Inside a shell

The sea star reaches tissue through a gap.
2

In the water

A sea squirt traps particles and a fish can suck in prey.
3

In the sediment

The sea cucumber gathers particles deposited on the bottom.

A net made of mucus

Inside the throat, mucus traps food particles. The water flows on towards the outlet, while the mucus carries its catch towards the oesophagus.

Schematic cutaway of a sea squirt.
A mucus net traps tiny bits of food in the water. In the sea squirt, the mucus filter intercepts particles and carries them towards the digestive tract. © dive.explo360.fr — All rights reserved. Reproduction requires permission.

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