The scorpionfish in ambush
A fish with prickly spines
A scorpionfish waits for small fish to swim past. Its spines help protect it. If a bigger animal tries to swallow the scorpionfish, a spine can prick it and let venom into the wound.
Stinging or being swallowed
A scorpionfish can sting with a spine. Some pufferfish can make an animal sick if it eats them. Venom gets in through the prick. The pufferfish’s poison is swallowed.
How nudibranchs defend themselves
A nudibranch is a sea slug. Some sea slugs keep chemicals from their food that help protect them. Others make their own. Bright colours may be easy to spot, but they tell you little on their own about how the slug stays safe.
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