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Scalloped hammerhead

Distribution : Maldives and tropical Indian Ocean. Also found in the Red Sea and tropical Pacific. Also present in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic. Mediterranean: rare or exceptional records.

Scalloped hammerheads may gather near underwater relief. Young sharks use coastal areas while larger individuals also travel through more open water. Eyes at the ends of the head give them a distinctive visual field, part of which is seen by both eyes at once.

Habitat of Scalloped hammerhead Habitat
Open water, Coral reef
Depth range of Scalloped hammerhead Depth
0-512 m
Biological group of Scalloped hammerhead Group
Ecological role of Scalloped hammerhead Role
Predator

WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE?

The head spreads sideways like a hammer. Its curved front edge has a central notch. Eyes sit at the ends. The back is grey to brown and the belly pale; the body is slimmer than a great hammerhead’s.

Indentations along the leading edge help distinguish the species. A distant outline does not always reveal them. The scientific name Sphyrna lewini identifies one species, not every shark with a hammer-shaped head.

WHERE DOES IT LIVE?

It swims in warm seas. Young sharks often use coastal water; larger animals may gather offshore. In the Mediterranean, its presence is rare or exceptional. It is documented in the Maldives, Red Sea and Indian, Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Schools are not continuously present everywhere.

Slopes and oceanic islands provide gathering sites in some regions. Usual habitat use can include deeper excursions. The frequently quoted 275 metres describes a usual range, not an absolute limit; deeper observations have been published.

WHAT DOES IT EAT?

It eats fish and squid. Organs on the head help it detect its surroundings. Crustaceans are also eaten. Prey and hunting areas change with body size.

Sight, smell and electroreception provide different information. The broad head is not simply a support for the eyes. Do not assign routine ray hunting solely from well-known behaviours of other hammerhead species.

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Scalloped hammerhead

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